Innovation
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Tech
Scientific and Technical Journal Articles by Country (1996–2023)
Sovereign and dependent territory rows of the World Bank “Scientific and technical journal articles” indicator (top 30 by the latest year). Counts articles in physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics,…
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Tech
R&D Spending as Share of GDP by Country (1996–2023)
Sovereign rows of the World Bank / UNESCO “Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)” indicator. Top 30 by most recent year. Aggregates excluded. About this ranking About…
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Tech
Patent Applications by Residents (1980–2021)
Sovereign rows of the World Bank / WIPO “Patent applications, residents” indicator. Top 30 by most recent year. Values in thousands. Aggregates excluded. About this ranking About this…